Database
on Basic Documents of Japan-ASEAN Relations
Department of
Advanced Social and International Studies,
The Fourth ASEAN Informal
22-25 November 2000,
e-ASEAN FRAMEWORK AGREEMENT
Preamble
WE, the Heads of Government/State of Brunei Darussalam, the Kingdom of
Cambodia, the Republic of Indonesia, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, the Union of Myanmar, the Republic of
the Philippines, the Republic of Singapore, the Kingdom of Thailand, and the
Socialist Republic of Viet Nam, Member States of the Association of Southeast
Asian Nations (hereinafter referred to as “ASEAN”):
AWARE of the opportunities offered by the revolution in information and
communications technology (ICT) and electronic commerce;
DESIROUS that our peoples should benefit from the opportunities from ICT
and electronic commerce, gain access to these new technologies, and facilitate
cross border trade and electronic transactions;
RECOGNISING that the ultimate objective of economic growth is to promote
the development of human resources in all its dimensions, so as to enable the
peoples of ASEAN to have the fullest opportunity to realise
their potential;
CONFIDENT that the e-ASEAN initiative and the establishment of the ASEAN
Information Infrastructure, as called for in the Hanoi Plan of Action, would
enhance ASEAN’s competitiveness in the global market;
MINDFUL of the need to promote greater public and private sector
collaboration in realising e-ASEAN;
MINDFUL also of the objectives and provisions of the ASEAN Agreement on
the Common Effective Preferential Tariff Scheme for the ASEAN Free Trade Area,
the ASEAN Framework Agreement on Services and the ASEAN Framework Agreement on
the ASEAN Investment Area;
RECALLING our decision at the Third ASEAN Informal Summit of November
1999 to establish a free trade area for goods, services and investments for the
info-comm industries under a new e-ASEAN Agreement;
HAVE AGREED AS FOLLOWS:
ARTICLE 1
Definition
For the purposes of this Agreement the following terms shall, unless the
context otherwise requires, have the meanings indicated below:
(a) “Information and Communications Technology” (ICT) shall refer to infrastructure, hardware and software systems,
needed to capture, process and disseminate information to generate
information-based products and services;
(b) “ICT products” shall mean the
products in the WTO Information Technology Agreement (ITA1) and related
products which Member States may agree to add later;
(c) “ICT services” shall mean the
Information and Communications-related services listed in the Central Product
Classification (CPC) and any additional related services which Member States
may agree to add later; and
(d) “Investment(s)" shall mean direct investment(s)
related to the production of ICT products and the provision of ICT services.
ARTICLE 2
Objectives
The objectives of this Agreement are to:
(a) promote cooperation to develop, strengthen and enhance the
competitiveness of the ICT sector in ASEAN;
(b) promote cooperation to reduce the digital divide within individual
ASEAN Member States and amongst ASEAN Member States;
(c) promote cooperation between the public and private sectors in realising e-ASEAN; and
(d) promote the liberalisation of trade in ICT
products, ICT services and investments to support the e-ASEAN initiative.
ARTICLE 3
Coverage
This Agreement shall cover measures to:
(a) facilitate the establishment of the ASEAN Information Infrastructure;
(b) facilitate the growth of electronic commerce in ASEAN;
(c) promote and facilitate the liberalisation
of trade in ICT products, ICT services and of investments in support of the
e-ASEAN initiative;
(d) promote and facilitate investments in the production of ICT products
and the provision of ICT services;
(e) develop an e-Society in ASEAN and capacity building to reduce the
digital divide within individual ASEAN Member States and amongst ASEAN Member
States;
(f) promote the use of ICT applications in the delivery of government
services (e-Government); and
(g) enable Member States who are ready to accelerate the implementation
of this Agreement as provided for in Articles 4, 5, 6 and 7 thereof to do so by
2002; and to assist other Member States to undertake capacity building.
ARTICLE 4
Facilitation of the Establishment of the ASEAN
Information Infrastructure
Member States shall enhance the design and standards of their national
information infrastructure with a view to facilitating interconnectivity and
ensuring technical inter-operability between each other’s information infrastructure.
Member States shall work towards establishing high-speed direct
connection between their national information infrastructures with a view to
evolving this interconnection into an ASEAN Information Infrastructure
backbone.
Complementing the ASEAN Information Infrastructure, Member States shall
work towards developing ASEAN content, relating but not limited to, cooperation
in digital libraries and tourism portals.
Member States shall work towards facilitating the setting up of national
and regional Internet exchanges and Internet gateways, including regional
caching and mirroring.
ARTICLE 5
Facilitation of the Growth of Electronic Commerce
Member States shall adopt electronic commerce regulatory and legislative
frameworks that create trust and confidence for consumers and facilitate the
transformation of businesses towards the development of e-ASEAN. To this end,
Member States shall:
(a) expeditiously put in place national laws and policies relating to
electronic commerce transactions based on international norms;
(b) facilitate the establishment of mutual recognition of digital
signature frameworks;
(c) facilitate secure regional electronic transactions, payments and
settlements, through mechanisms such as electronic payment gateways;
(d) adopt measures to protect intellectual property rights arising from
e-commerce. Member States should consider adoption of the World Intellectual
Property Organisation (WIPO) treaties, namely: “WIPO Copyright Treaty 1996” and “WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty 1996”;
(e) take measures to promote personal data protection and consumer
privacy; and
(f) encourage the use of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) mechanisms
for online transactions.
ARTICLE 6
Liberalisation of Trade in ICT
Products and ICT Services,
and of Investments
Member States shall enter into negotiations which shall be directed
towards accelerating commitments of the Member States relating to ICT products,
ICT services and investments under the Agreement on the Common Effective
Preferential Tariff Scheme for the ASEAN Free Trade Area, the ASEAN Framework
Agreement on Services and the Framework Agreement on the ASEAN Investment Area.
Member States shall eliminate duties and non-tariff barriers on
intra-ASEAN trade in ASEAN ICT products in three tranches.
The first tranche shall take effect on 1 January
2003. The second tranche shall take effect on 1
January 2004. The third tranche shall take effect on
1 January 2005. For Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar and Viet Nam, the three tranches are to take effect on 1 January 2008, 2009 and
2010. The ICT products falling under the three tranches
shall be submitted by Member States to the ASEAN Secretariat.
Member States shall achieve higher levels of liberalisation
of trade in ICT services through successive rounds of negotiations under the
ASEAN Framework Agreement on Services to realise free
flow of services.
Subject to the provisions of the Framework Agreement on the ASEAN
Investment Area, each Member State shall:
(a) open immediately its ICT products to investments by ASEAN investors;
and
(b) accord immediately to ASEAN investors and their investments in
respect of ICT products, and measures affecting such investments including but
not limited to the admission, establishment, acquisition, expansion,
management, operation and disposition of such investments, treatment no less favourable than it accords to its own like investors and
investments.
ARTICLE 7
Facilitation of Trade in ICT Products and Services
To facilitate trade in ICT products, Member States shall conclude Mutual
Recognition Arrangements (MRA) covering ICT products, where applicable, and
shall align national standards to relevant international standards.
Member States shall endeavour to accelerate the
work towards implementation of the ASEAN Sectoral MRA
for Telecommunications Equipment.
Member States shall harmonise tariff
nomenclature for ICT products through the completion by the year 2000 of an
ASEAN Harmonised Tariff Nomenclature (AHTN) and its
implementation beginning in the year 2002. Member States shall harmonise customs valuation for ICT products through the
implementation of the WTO Valuation Agreement.
Member States shall accelerate work towards agreements on mutual
recognition of qualification standards.
ARTICLE 8
Capacity Building and e-Society
Member States shall build an e-ASEAN community by promoting awareness,
general knowledge and appreciation of ICT, particularly the Internet. In
relation to this, a capacity building programme would
be developed on the basis of an evaluation of the e-readiness of ASEAN Member
States that would include education and training for small business
enterprises, ICT workers, policy makers and regulators. The more advanced
Member States with ICT training facilities would offer training courses to the
less advanced Member States.
To increase ICT literacy and expand the base of ICT workers in the
region, Member States shall develop a regional human resource development programme covering schools, the community and the work
place.
Member States shall work towards establishing an e-Society by:
(a) fostering the
development of a knowledge-based society;
(b) narrowing the
digital divide;
(c) enhancing
competitiveness of the workforce;
(d) facilitating
freer flow of knowledge workers; and
(e) usage of ICT
to enhance the spirit of ASEAN community.
ARTICLE 9
e-Government
Member States shall utilise the ICT to improve
the provision and delivery of services by the government.
Member States shall take steps to provide a wide range of government
services and transactions on-line by usage of ICT applications to facilitate
linkages between public and private sector and to promote transparency.
Member States shall work towards enhancing inter-governmental cooperation
by:
(a) promoting the
use of electronic means in their procurement of goods and services; and
(b) facilitating
freer flow of goods, information and people within ASEAN.
ARTICLE 10
Dispute Settlement
Any differences between Member States concerning the interpretation or
application of this Agreement shall, as far as possible, be settled by
consultation between the Member States concerned.
If a settlement cannot be reached, the dispute shall be dealt with in
accordance with the Protocol on Dispute Settlement Mechanism for ASEAN signed
on 20 November 1996 in Manila, the Philippines.
ARTICLE 11
Amendments
Any amendments to this Agreement shall be made by consensus and shall
become effective upon the deposit of instruments of ratification or acceptance
by all signatory governments with the Secretary-General of ASEAN.
ARTICLE 12
Protocols
Member States may negotiate and conclude separate protocols to implement
this Agreement which shall form an integral part of this Agreement.
ARTICLE 13
Institutional Arrangements
The Senior Economic Officials Meeting (SEOM) shall supervise, coordinate
and review the implementation of this Agreement. The SEOM shall report to the
ASEAN Economic Ministers (AEM) and assist the AEM in all matters relating to
this Agreement.
ARTICLE 14
Relationship With Other ASEAN Agreements
Except as otherwise provided specifically in this Agreement, the
provisions of the Agreement on the Common Effective Preferential Tariff Scheme
for the ASEAN Free Trade Area and its Protocols, the ASEAN Framework Agreement
on Services and its Protocols, and the Framework Agreement on the ASEAN
Investment Area, including but not limited to the provisions relating to
safeguard measures and exceptions, shall not be prejudiced by, and shall apply
to, this Agreement.
ARTICLE 15
Final Provisions
This Agreement shall enter into force upon the deposit of instruments of
ratification or acceptance by all signatory governments with the
Secretary-General of ASEAN.
This Agreement shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of ASEAN,
who shall promptly furnish each Member State a certified copy thereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF WE have signed this e-ASEAN Framework Agreement.
DONE at Singapore, on the 24th day of November 2000, in a single copy in
the English language.